Emergency Substitutions

Baking Powder: 1 tsp. of baking powder = ¼ tsp. of baking soda + 3/8 tsp. of cream of tartar.

Balsamic Vinegar: to make 1 tbsp., add a pinch of granulated sugar to 1 tbsp. of red wine vinegar.

Brown Sugar: 1 cup of firmly packed brown sugar = 1 cup of granulated sugar + 1 tbsp. of molasses.

Butter milk: place 1 tbsp. of lemon juice or vinegar in a measuring cup. Add enough fresh milk to make 1 cup. Stir and let stand about 5 minutes. This also is called ‘sour milk’.

Powdered milk to fresh milk: 1 cup of fresh milk = 4 tbsps of powdered milk + 1 cup of water.

Sour milk: to make 1 cup of sour milk – place 1 tbsp. of lemon juice or vinegar in a measuring cup. Add enough fresh milk to make 1 cup. Stir and let stand about 5 minutes. It should curdle.